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Πρώτη φορά στην ιστορία δίνεται και μάλιστα ΑΥΘΗΜΕΡΟΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΕΝΔΕΙΞΗ ΕΠΕΙΓΟΝ στη δημοσιότητα…
Τι να κάνω όταν μου συμβεί;
Πως θα προφυλαχθώ;
http://etoimotita-enallaktiki-diaviosi.blogspot.com/2016/10/podcast-11.html
Παρακάτω παραθέτω ολόκληρο το διάταγμα για ενημέρωση σας:
The White House
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
October 13, 2016
Executive Order — Coordinating Efforts to Prepare the Nation for Space Weather Events
EXECUTIVE ORDER
– – – – – – –
COORDINATING EFFORTS TO PREPARE
THE NATION FOR SPACE WEATHER EVENTS
– – – – – – –
COORDINATING EFFORTS TO PREPARE
THE NATION FOR SPACE WEATHER EVENTS
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and
the laws of the United States of America, and to prepare the Nation for
space weather events, it is hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. Policy. Space weather events, in the form of solar flares,
solar energetic particles, and geomagnetic disturbances, occur
regularly, some with measurable effects on critical infrastructure
systems and technologies, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS),
satellite operations and communication, aviation, and the electrical
power grid. Extreme space weather events — those that could
significantly degrade critical infrastructure — could disable large
portions of the electrical power grid, resulting in cascading failures
that would affect key services such as water supply, healthcare, and
transportation. Space weather has the potential to simultaneously affect
and disrupt health and safety across entire continents. Successfully
preparing for space weather events is an all-of-nation endeavor that
requires partnerships across governments, emergency managers, academia,
the media, the insurance industry, non-profits, and the private sector.
It is the policy of the United States to prepare for space weather
events to minimize the extent of economic loss and human hardship. The
Federal Government must have (1) the capability to predict and detect a
space weather event, (2) the plans and programs necessary to alert the
public and private sectors to enable mitigating actions for an impending
space weather event, (3) the protection and mitigation plans,
protocols, and standards required to reduce risks to critical
infrastructure prior to and during a credible threat, and (4) the
ability to respond to and recover from the effects of space weather.
Executive departments and agencies (agencies) must coordinate their
efforts to prepare for the effects of space weather events.
Sec. 2. Objectives. This order defines agency roles and
responsibilities and directs agencies to take specific actions to
prepare the Nation for the hazardous effects of space weather. These
activities are to be implemented in conjunction with those identified in
the 2015 National Space Weather Action Plan (Action Plan) and any
subsequent updates. Implementing this order and the Action Plan will
require the Federal Government to work across agencies and to develop,
as appropriate, enhanced and innovative partnerships with State, tribal,
and local governments; academia; non-profits; the private sector; and
international partners. These efforts will enhance national preparedness
and speed the creation of a space-weather-ready Nation.
Sec. 3. Coordination. (a) The Director of the Office of Science and
Technology Policy (OSTP), in consultation with the Assistant to the
President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism and the Director of
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), shall coordinate the
development and implementation of Federal Government activities to
prepare the Nation for space weather events, including the activities
established in section 5 of this order and the recommendations of the
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), established by Executive
Order 12881 of November 23, 1993 (Establishment of the National Science
and Technology Council).
(b) To ensure accountability for and coordination of research,
development, and implementation of activities identified in this order
and in the Action Plan, the NSTC shall establish a Space Weather
Operations, Research, and Mitigation Subcommittee (Subcommittee). The
Subcommittee member agencies shall conduct activities to advance the
implementation of this order, to achieve the goals identified in the
2015 National Space Weather Strategy and any subsequent updates, and to
coordinate and monitor the implementation of the activities specified in
the Action Plan and provide subsequent updates.
Sec. 4. Roles and Responsibilities. To the extent permitted by law,
the agencies below shall adopt the following roles and responsibilities,
which are key to ensuring enhanced space weather forecasting,
situational awareness, space weather preparedness, and continuous
Federal Government operations during and after space weather events.
(a) The Secretary of Defense shall ensure the timely provision of
operational space weather observations, analyses, forecasts, and other
products to support the mission of the Department of Defense and
coalition partners, including the provision of alerts and warnings for
space weather phenomena that may affect weapons systems, military
operations, or the defense of the United States.
(b) The Secretary of the Interior shall support the research,
development, deployment, and operation of capabilities that enhance the
understanding of variations of the Earth’s magnetic field associated
with solar-terrestrial interactions.
(c) The Secretary of Commerce shall:
(i) provide timely and accurate operational space weather forecasts,
watches, warnings, alerts, and real-time space weather monitoring for
the government, civilian, and commercial sectors, exclusive of the
responsibilities of the Secretary of Defense; and
(ii) ensure the continuous improvement of operational space weather
services, utilizing partnerships, as appropriate, with the research
community, including academia and the private sector, and relevant
agencies to develop, validate, test, and transition space weather
observation platforms and models from research to operations and from
operations to research.
(d) The Secretary of Energy shall facilitate the protection and
restoration of the reliability of the electrical power grid during a
presidentially declared grid security emergency associated with a
geomagnetic disturbance pursuant to 16 U.S.C. 824o-1.
(e) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall:
(i) ensure the timely redistribution of space weather alerts and
warnings that support national preparedness, continuity of government,
and continuity of operations; and
(ii) coordinate response and recovery from the effects of space
weather events on critical infrastructure and the broader community.
(f) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) shall:
(i) implement and support a national research program to understand
the Sun and its interactions with Earth and the solar system to advance
space weather modeling and prediction capabilities applicable to space
weather forecasting;
(ii) develop and operate space-weather-related research missions, instrument capabilities, and models; and
(iii) support the transition of space weather models and technology from research to operations and from operations to research.
(g) The Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) shall
support fundamental research linked to societal needs for space weather
information through investments and partnerships, as appropriate.
(h) The Secretary of State, in consultation with the heads of
relevant agencies, shall carry out diplomatic and public diplomacy
efforts to strengthen global capacity to respond to space weather
events.
(i) The Secretaries of Defense, the Interior, Commerce,
Transportation, Energy, and Homeland Security, along with the
Administrator of NASA and the Director of NSF, shall work together,
consistent with their ongoing activities, to develop models, observation
systems, technologies, and approaches that inform and enhance national
preparedness for the effects of space weather events, including how
space weather events may affect critical infrastructure and change the
threat landscape with respect to other hazards.
(j) The heads of all agencies that support National Essential
Functions, defined by Presidential Policy Directive 40 (PPD-40) of July
15, 2016 (National Continuity Policy), shall ensure that space weather
events are adequately addressed in their all-hazards preparedness
planning, including mitigation, response, and recovery, as directed by
PPD-8 of March 30, 2011 (National Preparedness).
(k) NSTC member agencies shall coordinate through the NSTC to
establish roles and responsibilities beyond those identified in section 4
of this order to enhance space weather preparedness, consistent with
each agency’s legal authority.
Sec. 5. Implementation. (a) Within 120 days of the date of this
order, the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of
Homeland Security, shall develop a plan to test and evaluate available
devices that mitigate the effects of geomagnetic disturbances on the
electrical power grid through the development of a pilot program that
deploys such devices, in situ, in the electrical power grid. After the
development of the plan, the Secretary shall implement the plan in
collaboration with industry. In taking action pursuant to this
subsection, the Secretaries of Energy and Homeland Security shall
consult with the Chairman of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
(b) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the heads of the
sector-specific agencies that oversee the lifeline critical
infrastructure functions as defined by the National Infrastructure
Protection Plan of 2013 — including communications, energy,
transportation, and water and wastewater systems — as well as the
Nuclear Reactors, Materials, and Waste Sector, shall assess their
executive and statutory authority, and limits of that authority, to
direct, suspend, or control critical infrastructure operations,
functions, and services before, during, and after a space weather event.
The heads of each sector-specific agency shall provide a summary of
these assessments to the Subcommittee.
(c) Within 90 days of receipt of the assessments ordered in section
5(b) of this order, the Subcommittee shall provide a report on the
findings of these assessments with recommendations to the Director of
OSTP, the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and
Counterterrorism, and the Director of OMB. The assessments may be used
to inform the development and implementation of policy establishing
authorities and responsibilities for agencies in response to a space
weather event.
(d) Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Secretaries of
Defense and Commerce, the Administrator of NASA, and the Director of
NSF, in collaboration with other agencies as appropriate, shall identify
mechanisms for advancing space weather observations, models, and
predictions, and for sustaining and transitioning appropriate
capabilities from research to operations and operations to research,
collaborating with industry and academia to the extent possible.
(e) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the Secretaries of
Defense and Commerce shall make historical data from the GPS
constellation and other U.S. Government satellites publicly available,
in accordance with Executive Order 13642 of May 9, 2013 (Making Open and
Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information), to
enhance model validation and improvements in space weather forecasting
and situational awareness.
(f) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of
Homeland Security, through the Administrator of the Federal Emergency
Management Agency and in coordination with relevant agencies, shall lead
the development of a coordinated Federal operating concept and
associated checklist to coordinate Federal assets and activities to
respond to notification of, and protect against, impending space weather
events. Within 180 days of the publication of the operating concept and
checklist, agencies shall develop operational plans documenting their
procedures and responsibilities to prepare for, protect against, and
mitigate the effects of impending space weather events, in support of
the Federal operating concept and compatible with the National
Preparedness System described in PPD-8.
Sec. 6. Stakeholder Engagement. The agencies identified in this order
shall seek public-private and international collaborations to enhance
observation networks, conduct research, develop prediction models and
mitigation approaches, enhance community resilience and preparedness,
and supply the services necessary to protect life and property and
promote economic prosperity, as consistent with law.
Sec. 7. Definitions. As used in this order:
(a) «Prepare» and «preparedness» have the same meaning they have in
PPD-8. They refer to the actions taken to plan, organize, equip, train,
and exercise to build and sustain the capabilities necessary to prevent,
protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover from
those threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation.
This includes the prediction and notification of space weather events.
(b) «Space weather» means variations in the space environment between
the Sun and Earth (and throughout the solar system) that can affect
technologies in space and on Earth. The primary types of space weather
events are solar flares, solar energetic particles, and geomagnetic
disturbances.
(c) «Solar flare» means a brief eruption of intense energy on or near
the Sun’s surface that is typically associated with sunspots.
(d) «Solar energetic particles» means ions and electrons ejected from
the Sun that are typically associated with solar eruptions.
(e) «Geomagnetic disturbance» means a temporary disturbance of Earth’s magnetic field resulting from solar activity.
(f) «Critical infrastructure» has the meaning provided in section
1016(e) of the USA Patriot Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e)), namely
systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United
States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets
would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic
security, national public health or safety, or any combination of those
matters.
(g) «Sector-Specific Agency» means the agencies designated under
PPD-21 of February 12, 2013 (Critical Infrastructure Security and
Resilience), or any successor directive, to be responsible for providing
institutional knowledge and specialized expertise as well as leading,
facilitating, or supporting the security and resilience programs and
associated activities of its designated critical infrastructure sector
in the all-hazards environment. Sec. 8. General Provisions.
(a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an agency, or the head thereof;
or (ii) the functions of the Director of OMB relating to budgetary,
administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or
benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by
any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or
entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
BARACK OBAMA
THE WHITE HOUSE,
October 13, 2016.
October 13, 2016.
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